rk_engine/cpp/render/render_opengles.cpp

// Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
//
// This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

#include "../render.hpp"
#include "render_opengles.hpp"
#include "../display/display_glx.hpp"
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>

typedef void (*rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstanceFunc)(rk_uint, rk_uint, rk_uint, const void *, rk_uint, rk_uint);
typedef void (*rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirectFunc)(rk_uint, rk_uint, const void *, rk_uint, rk_uint);

static rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstanceFunc rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance = nullptr;
static rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirectFunc rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect = nullptr;

static rk_shader const * rk_current_shader = nullptr;
static rk_vertices const * rk_current_vertices = nullptr;

static void rk_gl_printf(char const * message) {
    printf("[GL] %s\n", message);
}

static void rk_printf(char const * message) {
    printf("[RK] %s\n", message);
}

#define rk_gl_error(_message) { if (glGetError() != GL_NO_ERROR) { printf("[GL] %s\n", (_message)); } }

static void rk_debug_message_callback(
    GLenum source,
    GLenum type,
    GLuint id,
    GLenum severity,
    GLsizei length,
    GLchar const * message,
    void const * userParam) {
    printf("[GL] (id=%d) %s\n", id, message);
}

void rk_render_initialize(
    rk_bool debug) {
    GLubyte const * const vendor = glGetString(GL_VENDOR);
    GLubyte const * const renderer = glGetString(GL_RENDERER);
    printf("[GL] vendor: %s, renderer: %s\n", vendor, renderer);
    GLubyte const * const version = glGetString(GL_VERSION);
    GLubyte const * const language = glGetString(GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION);
    printf("[GL] version: %s, language: %s\n", version, language);

    if (debug) {
        glDebugMessageCallback(rk_debug_message_callback, nullptr);
        glEnable(GL_DEBUG_OUTPUT);
    }

    char const * const gl_exts = reinterpret_cast<char const *>(glGetString(GL_EXTENSIONS));
    // printf("[GL] %s\n", gl_exts);
    rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance = reinterpret_cast<rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstanceFunc>(
        rk_resolve_extension(gl_exts, "GL_EXT_base_instance", "DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance"));
    if (rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance) {
        rk_gl_printf("Using extension GL_EXT_base_instance::DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance.");
        rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect = reinterpret_cast<rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirectFunc>(
            rk_resolve_extension(gl_exts, "GL_EXT_multi_draw_indirect", "MultiDrawElementsIndirectEXT"));
        if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
            rk_gl_printf("Using extension GL_EXT_multi_draw_indirect::MultiDrawElementsIndirectEXT.");
        }
    }

    glDisable(GL_BLEND);
    glEnable(GL_DITHER);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glDisable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
    glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
    glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
    glFrontFace(GL_CCW);
    glCullFace(GL_BACK);
    glHint(GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP_HINT, GL_NICEST);
}

void rk_render_terminate() {
}

static void rk_print_shader_infolog(GLuint shader) {
    GLsizei length;
    char infolog[1024];
    glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, sizeof(infolog), &length, infolog);
    if (length > 0) {
        rk_printf(infolog);
    }
}

static void rk_print_program_infolog(GLuint program) {
    GLsizei length;
    char infolog[1024];
    glGetProgramInfoLog(program, sizeof(infolog), &length, infolog);
    if (length > 0) {
        rk_printf(infolog);
    }
}

//TODO: error handling
rk_shader_t rk_load_shader(
    rk_uint const vert_nlines,
    char const ** const vert_lines,
    rk_uint const frag_nlines,
    char const ** const frag_lines) {
    rk_shader * const shader = new rk_shader;
    shader->vertex = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    shader->fragment = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    shader->program = glCreateProgram();
    if (!vert_nlines || !vert_lines) {
        rk_printf("Missing vertex shader.");
        return nullptr;
    }
    if (!frag_nlines || !frag_lines) {
        rk_printf("Missing fragment shader.");
        return nullptr;
    }
    rk_printf("Compiling vertex shader...");
    glShaderSource(shader->vertex, vert_nlines, vert_lines, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(shader->vertex);
    rk_gl_error("glCompileShader() failed.");
    rk_print_shader_infolog(shader->vertex);
    rk_printf("Compiling fragment shader...");
    glShaderSource(shader->fragment, frag_nlines, frag_lines, nullptr);
    glCompileShader(shader->fragment);
    rk_gl_error("glCompileShader() failed.");
    rk_print_shader_infolog(shader->fragment);
    rk_printf("Linking program...");
    glAttachShader(shader->program, shader->vertex);
    glAttachShader(shader->program, shader->fragment);
    glLinkProgram(shader->program);
    rk_gl_error("glLinkProgram() failed.");
    rk_print_program_infolog(shader->program);
    rk_printf("Done.");
    glReleaseShaderCompiler();
    return shader;
}

rk_input_t rk_resolve_input(
    rk_shader_t _shader,
    char const * name) {
    rk_shader const * const shader = reinterpret_cast<rk_shader const *>(_shader);
    if (!shader || !name) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    GLint const uniform = glGetUniformLocation(shader->program, name);
    return reinterpret_cast<rk_input_t>(uniform + 1);
}

rk_param_t rk_resolve_param(
    rk_shader_t _shader,
    char const * name) {
    rk_shader const * const shader = reinterpret_cast<rk_shader const *>(_shader);
    if (!shader || !name) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    GLint const location = glGetAttribLocation(shader->program, name);
    return reinterpret_cast<rk_param_t>(location + 1);
}

rk_texture_t rk_create_texture(
    rk_texture_format format,
    rk_uint width,
    rk_uint height,
    rk_uint nlevels,
    rk_texture_flags flags,
    void const * pixels) {
    if (!width || !height || !pixels) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    GLint internal_format;
    GLenum source_format;
    GLenum source_type;
    switch (format) {
        case RK_TEXTURE_FORMAT_SRGB8_A8:
            internal_format = GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8;
            source_format = GL_RGBA;
            source_type = GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE;
            break;
        case RK_TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGBA8:
            internal_format = GL_RGBA8;
            source_format = GL_RGBA;
            source_type = GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE;
            break;
        case RK_TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGB10_A2:
            internal_format = GL_RGB10_A2;
            source_format = GL_RGBA;
            source_type = GL_UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV;
            break;
        case RK_TEXTURE_FORMAT_FLOAT_32:
            internal_format = GL_R32F;
            source_format = GL_RED;
            source_type =  GL_FLOAT;
            break;
        default:
            return nullptr;
            break;
    }
    rk_texture * const texture = new rk_texture;
    glGenTextures(1, &texture->texture);
    GLenum target;
    if (nlevels) {
        if (flags & RK_TEXTURE_FLAG_3D) {
            target = GL_TEXTURE_3D;
        } else {
            target = GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY;
        }
        glBindTexture(target, texture->texture);
        //TODO: glTexStorage3D
        glTexImage3D(target, 0, internal_format, width, height, nlevels, 0, source_format, source_type, pixels);
    } else {
        target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
        glBindTexture(target, texture->texture);
        //TODO: glTexStorage2D
        glTexImage2D(target, 0, internal_format, width, height, 0, source_format, source_type, pixels);
    }
    if (flags & RK_TEXTURE_FLAG_MIPMAPS) {
        if (flags & RK_TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR) {
            glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
        } else {
            glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
        }
    } else {
        if (flags & RK_TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR) {
            glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
        } else {
            glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
        }
    }
    if (flags & RK_TEXTURE_FLAG_MAG_LINEAR) {
        glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    } else {
        glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    }
    glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
    glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
    glTexParameteri(target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_REPEAT);
    if (flags & RK_TEXTURE_FLAG_MIPMAPS) {
        glGenerateMipmap(target);
    }
    texture->nlevels = nlevels;
    glBindTexture(target, 0);
    return texture;
}

rk_triangles_t rk_create_triangles(
    rk_uint nvertices,
    rk_vec3 const * vertices) {
    if (!nvertices || !vertices) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    rk_triangles * const triangles = new rk_triangles;
    triangles->size = nvertices;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &triangles->array);
    glBindVertexArray(triangles->array);
    glGenBuffers(1, &triangles->vertices);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, triangles->vertices);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, nvertices * sizeof(rk_vec3), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    glBindVertexArray(0);
    return triangles;
}

rk_vertices_t rk_create_vertices(
    rk_vertex_format const * format,
    rk_uint nvertices,
    void const * _vertices,
    rk_uint nindices,
    rk_ushort const * indices) {
    if (!format || !nvertices || !_vertices || !nindices || !indices) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    unsigned vertex_size = 0;
    unsigned nattribs = 0;
    for (rk_vertex_format const * f = format; *f; ++f) {
        switch (*f & RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_MASK) {
            case RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT:
                vertex_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
                nattribs += 1;
                break;
            case RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10:
                vertex_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_int10);
                nattribs += 1;
                break;
            case RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_UINT10:
                vertex_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_uint10);
                nattribs += 1;
                break;
            default:
                rk_printf("rk_create_vertices(): invalid format.");
                return nullptr;
                break;
        }
    }
    if (!vertex_size) {
        rk_printf("rk_create_vertices(): empty format.");
        return nullptr;
    }
    rk_vertices * const vertices = new rk_vertices;
    vertices->vertex_size = vertex_size;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vertices->array);
    glBindVertexArray(vertices->array);
    glGenBuffers(1, &vertices->vertices);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertices->vertices);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, nvertices * vertex_size, _vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    glBindVertexBuffer(RK_VERTICES_BINDING, vertices->vertices, 0, vertices->vertex_size);
    for (unsigned attrib = 0; attrib < nattribs; ++attrib) {
        glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
    }
    vertices->layout = 0;
    unsigned offset = 0;
    for (rk_vertex_format const * f = format; *f; ++f) {
        GLboolean const norm = (*f & RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_NORMALIZE) != 0;
        switch (*f & RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_MASK) {
            case RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT:
                glVertexAttribFormat(vertices->layout++, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offset);
                offset += sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
                break;
            case RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10:
                glVertexAttribFormat(vertices->layout++, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offset);
                offset += sizeof(rk_vec3_int10);
                break;
            case RK_VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_UINT10:
                glVertexAttribFormat(vertices->layout++, 4, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offset);
                offset += sizeof(rk_vec3_uint10);
                break;
        }
    }
    for (unsigned attrib = 0; attrib < nattribs; ++attrib) {
        glVertexAttribBinding(attrib, RK_VERTICES_BINDING);
    }
    glGenBuffers(1, &vertices->indices);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertices->indices);
    glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, nindices * sizeof(rk_ushort), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glBindVertexArray(0);
    return vertices;
}

static void rk_pack_vec3_float(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_vec3_float * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float *>(_dst);
    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        *dst = src[*index];
    }
}

static void rk_pack_vec3_short(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_vec3_short * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_short *>(_dst);
    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
        dst->x = static_cast<rk_short>(input.x);
        dst->y = static_cast<rk_short>(input.y);
        dst->z = static_cast<rk_short>(input.z);
    }
}

static void rk_pack_vec3_short_norm(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_vec3_short * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_short *>(_dst);
    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
    #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_short>((s) * ((s) < 0.f ? 32768.f : 32767.f)))
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
        dst->x = _convert(input.x);
        dst->y = _convert(input.y);
        dst->z = _convert(input.z);
    }
    #undef _convert
}

static void rk_pack_vec3_int10(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_vec3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_int10 *>(_dst);
    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
    #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s)) & 1023)
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
        *dst = _convert(input.x) | (_convert(input.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z) << 20);
    }
    #undef _convert
}

static void rk_pack_vec3_int10_norm(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_vec3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_int10 *>(_dst);
    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
    #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s) * ((s) < 0.f ? 512.f : 511.f)) & 1023)
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
        *dst = _convert(input.x) | (_convert(input.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z) << 20);
    }
    #undef _convert
}

static void rk_pack_mat3_float(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_mat3_float * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float *>(_dst);
    rk_mat3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float const *>(_src);
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        *dst = src[*index];
    }
    #undef _convert
}

static void rk_pack_mat3_int10(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_mat3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_int10 *>(_dst);
    rk_mat3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float const *>(_src);
    #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s)) & 1023)
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        rk_mat3_float const & input = src[*index];
        dst->x = _convert(input.x.x) | (_convert(input.x.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.x.z) << 20);
        dst->y = _convert(input.y.x) | (_convert(input.y.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.y.z) << 20);
        dst->z = _convert(input.z.x) | (_convert(input.z.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z.z) << 20);
    }
    #undef _convert
}

static void rk_pack_mat3_int10_norm(
    unsigned const count,
    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
    rk_mat3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_int10 *>(_dst);
    rk_mat3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float const *>(_src);
    #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s) * ((s) < 0.f ? 512.f : 511.f)) & 1023)
    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
        rk_mat3_float const & input = src[*index];
        dst->x = _convert(input.x.x) | (_convert(input.x.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.x.z) << 20);
        dst->y = _convert(input.y.x) | (_convert(input.y.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.y.z) << 20);
        dst->z = _convert(input.z.x) | (_convert(input.z.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z.z) << 20);
    }
    #undef _convert
}

//TODO: multiple batches per vertices with their own buffers
rk_batch_t rk_create_batch(
    rk_vertices_t _vertices,
    rk_uint max_size,
    rk_param_format const * params_format) {
    rk_vertices const * const vertices = reinterpret_cast<rk_vertices const *>(_vertices);
    if (!vertices || !max_size || max_size > RK_BATCH_MAX_SIZE) {
        rk_printf("rk_create_batch(): invalid parameters.");
        return nullptr;
    }
    unsigned nparams = 0;
    if (params_format) {
        for ( ; params_format[nparams]; ++nparams);
    }
    rk_batch * batch = new rk_batch;
    batch->max_size = max_size;
    batch->nparams = nparams;
    batch->indices = nullptr;
    batch->commands = nullptr;
    batch->params = nullptr;
    batch->packed_params = nullptr;
    batch->indirect_buffer = 0;
    batch->params_array = 0;
    unsigned params_size = 0;
    if (nparams) {
        batch->params = new rk_parameter[nparams];
        rk_parameter * param = batch->params;
        for (rk_param_format const * f = params_format; *f; ++f, ++param) {
            param->offset = params_size;
            bool const norm = (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE) != 0;
            switch (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MASK) {
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT:
                    param->size = sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
                    param->packer = rk_pack_vec3_float;
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT:
                    param->size = sizeof(rk_vec3_short);
                    param->packer = norm ? rk_pack_vec3_short_norm : rk_pack_vec3_short;
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10:
                    param->size = sizeof(rk_vec3_int10);
                    param->packer = norm ? rk_pack_vec3_int10_norm : rk_pack_vec3_int10;
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_FLOAT:
                    param->size = sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
                    param->packer = rk_pack_mat3_float;
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10:
                    param->size = sizeof(rk_mat3_int10);
                    param->packer = norm ? rk_pack_mat3_int10_norm : rk_pack_mat3_int10;
                    break;
                default:
                    rk_printf("rk_create_batch(): invalid param format.");
                    delete[] batch->params;
                    delete batch;
                    return nullptr;
                    break;
            }
            params_size += max_size * param->size;
        }
    }
    batch->indices = new rk_ushort[max_size];
    batch->commands = new rk_command[max_size];
    memset(batch->commands, 0, max_size * sizeof(rk_command));
    batch->indirect_buffer = 0;
    if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
        glGenBuffers(1, &batch->indirect_buffer);
        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, batch->indirect_buffer);
        glBufferData(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, max_size * sizeof(rk_command), nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, 0);
    }
    if (nparams) {
        batch->packed_params = new rk_ubyte[params_size];
        memset(batch->packed_params, 0, params_size);
        glBindVertexArray(vertices->array);
        glGenBuffers(1, &batch->params_array);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, batch->params_array);
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, params_size, nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
        rk_parameter const * param = batch->params;
        unsigned binding = RK_PARAMS_BINDING_BASE;
        unsigned attrib = vertices->layout;
        for (rk_param_format const * f = params_format; *f; ++f, ++param, ++binding) {
            bool const norm = (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE) != 0;
            glBindVertexBuffer(binding, batch->params_array, param->offset, param->size);
            switch (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MASK) {
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT:
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0);
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT:
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_SHORT, norm, 0);
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10:
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, 0);
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_FLOAT:
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offsetof(rk_mat3_float, x));
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offsetof(rk_mat3_float, y));
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offsetof(rk_mat3_float, z));
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    break;
                case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10:
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, x));
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, y));
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, z));
                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                    break;
            }
            glVertexBindingDivisor(binding, 1);
        }
        glBindVertexArray(0);
    }
    return batch;
}

void rk_begin_frame() {
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
}

void rk_select_shader(
    rk_shader_t _shader) {
    rk_shader * const shader = reinterpret_cast<rk_shader *>(_shader);
    if (shader) {
        rk_current_shader = shader;
        glUseProgram(shader->program);
    }
}

void rk_set_input_float(
    rk_input_t _input,
    float value) {
    GLint const input = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_input) - 1;
    if (rk_current_shader && input > -1) {
        glUniform1f(input, value);
    }
}

void rk_set_input_vec3(
    rk_input_t _input,
    rk_vec3 const & value) {
    GLint const input = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_input) - 1;
    if (rk_current_shader && input > -1) {
        glUniform3fv(input, 1, glm::value_ptr(value));
    }
}

void rk_set_input_mat3(
    rk_input_t _input,
    rk_mat3 const & value) {
    GLint const input = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_input) - 1;
    if (rk_current_shader && input > -1) {
        glUniformMatrix3fv(input, 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(value));
    }
}

void rk_set_input_mat4(
    rk_input_t _input,
    rk_mat4 const & value) {
    GLint const input = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_input) - 1;
    if (rk_current_shader && input > -1) {
        glUniformMatrix4fv(input, 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(value));
    }
}

void rk_set_param_vec3(
    rk_param_t _param,
    rk_vec3 const & value) {
    GLint const param = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_param) - 1;
    if (rk_current_shader && param > -1) {
        glVertexAttrib3fv(param, glm::value_ptr(value));
    }
}

void rk_set_param_mat3(
    rk_param_t _param,
    rk_mat3 const & value) {
    GLint const param = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_param) - 1;
    if (rk_current_shader && param > -1) {
        glVertexAttrib3fv(param + 0, glm::value_ptr(value[0]));
        glVertexAttrib3fv(param + 1, glm::value_ptr(value[1]));
        glVertexAttrib3fv(param + 2, glm::value_ptr(value[2]));
    }
}

void rk_select_texture(
    rk_uint slot,
    rk_texture_t _texture,
    rk_input_t _sampler) {
    rk_texture const * const texture = reinterpret_cast<rk_texture const *>(_texture);
    GLint const sampler = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(_sampler) - 1;
    if (texture && sampler > -1 && rk_current_shader) {
        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + slot);
        if (texture->nlevels) {
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, texture->texture);
        } else {
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture->texture);
        }
        glUniform1i(sampler, slot);
    }
}

RK_EXPORT void rk_draw_triangles(
    rk_triangles_t _triangles) {
    rk_triangles const * const triangles = reinterpret_cast<rk_triangles const *>(_triangles);
    if (triangles && rk_current_shader && !rk_current_vertices) {
        glBindVertexArray(triangles->array);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, triangles->size);
        glBindVertexArray(0);
    }
}

void rk_select_vertices(
    rk_vertices_t _vertices) {
    rk_vertices * const vertices = reinterpret_cast<rk_vertices *>(_vertices);
    if (vertices) {
        glBindVertexArray(vertices->array);
        rk_current_vertices = vertices;
    }
}

static unsigned rk_batch_filter(
    rk_batch & batch,
    unsigned const size,
    rk_instance_flags const * flags) {
    rk_ushort * indices = batch.indices;
    for (unsigned index = 0; index < size; ++index, ++flags) {
        if ((*flags & RK_INSTANCE_FLAGS_SPAWNED_VISIBLE) == RK_INSTANCE_FLAGS_SPAWNED_VISIBLE) {
            *indices++ = static_cast<rk_ushort>(index);
        }
    }
    return indices - batch.indices;
}

static unsigned rk_batch_build_commands(
    rk_batch & batch,
    unsigned const ninstances,
    rk_mesh const * const meshes) {
    rk_command * commands = batch.commands;
    rk_ushort * base = batch.indices;
    rk_ushort * const last = batch.indices + ninstances;
    for (rk_ushort * first = batch.indices; first < last; base = first, ++commands) {
        rk_mesh const & mesh = meshes[*first++];
        for ( ; first < last && meshes[*first].packed == mesh.packed; ++first) {
        }
        for (rk_ushort * second = first; second < last; ++second) {
            unsigned const index = *second;
            if (meshes[index].packed == mesh.packed) {
                *second = *first;
                *first++ = static_cast<rk_ushort>(index);
            }
        }
        commands->nvertices = static_cast<GLuint>(mesh.ntriangles) * 3;
        commands->ninstances = first - base;
        commands->base_index = mesh.base_index;
        commands->base_instance = base - batch.indices;
    }
    return commands - batch.commands;
}

static void rk_batch_pack(
    rk_batch & batch,
    unsigned const ninstances,
    rk_ubyte const ** srcs) {
    rk_parameter const * const last_param = batch.params + batch.nparams;
    for (rk_parameter const * param = batch.params; param < last_param; ++param) {
        rk_ubyte const * const src = *srcs++;
        if (src) {
            rk_ubyte * const dst = batch.packed_params + param->offset;
            param->packer(ninstances, batch.indices, dst, src);
            glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, param->offset, ninstances * param->size, dst);
        }
    }
}

void rk_draw_batch(
    rk_batch_t _batch,
    rk_uint count,
    rk_instance_flags const * flags,
    rk_mesh const * meshes,
    rk_ubyte const ** params) {
    rk_batch & batch = *reinterpret_cast<rk_batch *>(_batch);
    if (!count || count > batch.max_size || !flags || !meshes || !rk_current_shader || !rk_current_vertices) {
        return;
    }
    unsigned const ninstances = rk_batch_filter(batch, count, flags);
    if (!ninstances) {
        return;
    }
    unsigned const ncommands = rk_batch_build_commands(batch, ninstances, meshes);
    if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, batch.indirect_buffer);
        glBufferSubData(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, 0, ncommands * sizeof(rk_command), batch.commands);
    }
    if (batch.nparams && params) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, batch.params_array);
        rk_batch_pack(batch, ninstances, params);
    }
    if (rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance) {
        if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
            rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect(GL_TRIANGLES, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, nullptr, ncommands, sizeof(rk_command));
        } else {
            rk_command const * const last_command = batch.commands + ncommands;
            for (rk_command const * command = batch.commands; command < last_command; ++command) {
                rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance(
                    GL_TRIANGLES, command->nvertices, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT,
                    reinterpret_cast<void const *>(command->base_index << 1),
                    command->ninstances, command->base_instance);
            }
        }
    } else {
        unsigned param_index = 0;
        rk_command const * const last_command = batch.commands + ncommands;
        rk_parameter const * const last_param = batch.params + batch.nparams;
        for (rk_command const * command = batch.commands; command < last_command; ++command) {
            unsigned binding = RK_PARAMS_BINDING_BASE;
            for (rk_parameter const * param = batch.params; param < last_param; ++param, ++binding) {
                glBindVertexBuffer(binding, batch.params_array,
                    param->offset + param_index * param->size, param->size);
            }
            param_index += command->ninstances;
            glDrawElementsInstanced(
                GL_TRIANGLES, command->nvertices, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT,
                reinterpret_cast<void const *>(command->base_index << 1),
                command->ninstances);
        }
    }
    if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, 0);
    }
    if (batch.nparams && params) {
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    }
}

void rk_unselect_vertices(
    rk_vertices_t _vertices) {
    rk_current_vertices = nullptr;
    glBindVertexArray(0);
}

void rk_unselect_texture(
    rk_uint slot,
    rk_texture_t _texture) {
    rk_texture const * const texture = reinterpret_cast<rk_texture const *>(_texture);
    if (texture) {
        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + slot);
        if (texture->nlevels) {
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
        } else {
            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0);
        }
    }
}

void rk_unselect_shader(
    rk_shader_t _shader) {
    rk_current_shader = nullptr;
    glUseProgram(0);
}

void rk_end_frame() {
}

void rk_destroy_batch(
    rk_batch_t _batch) {
    rk_batch * const batch = reinterpret_cast<rk_batch *>(_batch);
    if (batch) {
        delete[] batch->indices;
        delete[] batch->commands;
        if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
            glDeleteBuffers(1, &batch->indirect_buffer);
        }
        if (batch->nparams) {
            delete[] batch->params;
            delete[] batch->packed_params;
            glDeleteBuffers(1, &batch->params_array);
        }
        delete batch;
    }
}

void rk_destroy_triangles(
    rk_triangles_t _triangles) {
    rk_triangles * const triangles = reinterpret_cast<rk_triangles *>(_triangles);
    if (triangles) {
        glDeleteBuffers(1, &triangles->vertices);
        glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &triangles->array);
        delete triangles;
    }
}

void rk_destroy_vertices(
    rk_vertices_t _vertices) {
    rk_vertices * const vertices = reinterpret_cast<rk_vertices *>(_vertices);
    if (vertices) {
        glDeleteBuffers(1, &vertices->indices);
        glDeleteBuffers(1, &vertices->vertices);
        glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &vertices->array);
        delete vertices;
    }
}

void rk_destroy_texture(
    rk_texture_t _texture) {
    rk_texture * const texture = reinterpret_cast<rk_texture *>(_texture);
    if (texture) {
        glDeleteTextures(1, &texture->texture);
        delete texture;
    }
}

void rk_destroy_shader(
    rk_shader_t _shader) {
    rk_shader * const shader = reinterpret_cast<rk_shader *>(_shader);
    if (shader) {
        glDeleteShader(shader->vertex);
        glDeleteShader(shader->fragment);
        glDeleteProgram(shader->program);
        delete shader;
    }
}