Bump engine submodule and merge vertex and param formats.

.gitmodules

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 [submodule "engine"]
 	path = engine
 	url = https://code.rozk.net/RK/rk_engine.git
+	branch = master

game/batch.py

@@ -13,42 +13,72 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-from ctypes import c_ubyte, c_uint, c_void_p, addressof
+from ctypes import c_ubyte, c_ushort, c_void_p, POINTER, addressof
 
-from engine import (vec3, mat3, buffer,
+from engine import (
-    INSTANCE_FLAG_SPAWNED, BATCH_MAX_SIZE, param_type, params_format, create_batch, draw_batch, destroy_batch)
+    buffer, INSTANCE_FLAG_SPAWNED, BATCH_MAX_SIZE, vertex_type, vertex_format,
+    create_batch, fill_batch, draw_batch, destroy_batch)
+
+_flags_t = c_ubyte
+_flags_p = POINTER(_flags_t)
+_mesh_t = c_ushort
+_mesh_p = POINTER(_mesh_t)
 
 class Batch:
-    __slots__ = '_batch', 'size', 'max_size', 'flags', 'meshes', 'params', '_params', '__dict__'
+    __slots__ = ('_batch', 'vertices', 'max_size', 'size',
+        'flags', '_flags', 'mesh', '_meshes', 'param', '_params', '_name', '__dict__')
 
-    def __init__(self, vertices, max_size, max_meshes, **params_decls):
+    def __init__(self, vertices, max_size, **params_decls):
         assert max_size <= BATCH_MAX_SIZE
         nparams = len(params_decls)
-        names = params_decls.keys()
+        if nparams:
-        formats = params_decls.values()
+            self._batch = create_batch(vertices._vertices, max_size, vertex_format(*params_decls.values()))
-        self._batch = create_batch(vertices, max_size, max_meshes, params_format(*formats))
+        else:
-        self.size = 0
+            self._batch = create_batch(vertices._vertices, max_size, None)
+        self.vertices = vertices
         self.max_size = max_size
-        self.flags = buffer(c_ubyte, max_size)
+        self.size = 0
-        self.meshes = buffer(c_uint, max_size)
+        self.flags = buffer(_flags_t, max_size)
-        self.params = tuple(map(lambda f: buffer(param_type(f), max_size), formats))
+        self._flags = _flags_p(self.flags)
-        self._params = (c_void_p * nparams)(*map(addressof, self.params))
+        self.mesh = buffer(_mesh_t, max_size)
-        for name, value in zip(names, self.params):
+        self._meshes = _mesh_p(self.mesh)
-            setattr(self, name, value)
+        if nparams:
+            self.param = tuple(map(lambda f: buffer(vertex_type(f), max_size), params_decls.values()))
+            self._params = (c_void_p * nparams)(*map(addressof, self.param))
+            self._name = dict(zip(params_decls.keys(), range(nparams)))
+            for name, value in zip(params_decls.keys(), self.param):
+                setattr(self, name, value)
+        else:
+            self.param = None
+            self._params = None
+            self._name = None
 
     def __del__(self):
         destroy_batch(self._batch)
 
-    def append(self, flags, mesh, params):
+    def spawn(self, flags, mesh, **params):
-        assert len(params) == len(self.params)
         index = self.size
         assert index < self.max_size
         self.flags[index] = flags | INSTANCE_FLAG_SPAWNED
-        self.meshes[index] = mesh
+        self.mesh[index] = mesh
-        for self_params, param in zip(self.params, params):
+        for name, value in params.items():
-            self_params[index] = param
+            getattr(self, name)[index] = value
         self.size += 1
         return index
 
+    def freeze(self, flags = None, mesh = None, **params):
+        if flags is not None:
+            self._flags = None if flags else _flags_p(self.flags)
+        if mesh is not None:
+            self._meshes = None if mesh else _mesh_p(self.mesh)
+        for name, value in params.items():
+            if value is not None:
+                index = self._name[name]
+                self._params[index] = None if value else addressof(self.param[index])
+
+    def fill(self):
+        fill_batch(self._batch, self.size, self._flags, self._meshes, self._params)
+
     def draw(self):
-        draw_batch(self._batch, self.size, self.flags, self.meshes, self._params)
+        fill_batch(self._batch, self.size, self._flags, self._meshes, self._params)
+        draw_batch(self._batch)

game/entity.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+class Entity:
+    __slots__ = 'index'
+
+    def __init__(self, batch, flags, mesh, **params):
+        self.index = batch.spawn(flags, mesh, **params)

game/game.py

@@ -13,24 +13,28 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-import time
+from time import thread_time
 from math import pi, tau, dist
-from ctypes import Structure
 
 from engine import *
 
 from game import math
-from game import triangles
+from game.time import Time
-from game import sea
-from game.shader import Shader
-from game.generator import Generator
-from game.resources import RuntimeArchive
-from game.batch import Batch
-from game.camera import Camera
-from game.environment import Environment
 from game.events import Events
 from game.mouse import Mouse
 from game.keyboard import Keyboard
+from game.generator import Generator
+from game.resources import Archive
+from game.texture import Texture
+from game.shader import Shader
+from game.vertices import Vertices
+from game.camera import Camera
+from game.environment import Environment
+from game.inputs import InputFloat
+from game.batch import Batch
+from game.entity import Entity
+from game.scene import Group, SceneGroup, TextureGroup, ShaderGroup, InputNode, DrawNode, FuncNode
+from game import sea
 
 proj_hfov = pi * 0.25
 proj_ratio = 16.0 / 9.0
@@ -40,44 +44,100 @@ proj_far_z = 3000.0
 sun_direction = math.vec3_normalize((1.0, 0.0, 0.5))
 sun_power = 1.0
 
-def main():
+class PerfGroup(Group):
-    print("Generating terrain...")
+    __slots__ = '_count', '_min', '_max', '_total', '_name'
-    gen_begin = time.thread_time()
-    generated = Generator(256)
-    gen_end = time.thread_time()
-    print("Done: ", round(gen_end - gen_begin, 2), "seconds")
 
-    print("Initializing...")
+    def __init__(self, name, *subnodes):
-    display = create_display(b'RK Island - Drag to rotate, wheel to zoom, q to quit', 1600, 900)
+        Group.__init__(self, *subnodes)
-    events = Events(display)
+        self._count = None
-    mouse = Mouse(events, wheel = 60, wheel_min = 20)
+        self._min = 10000.0
-    keyboard = Keyboard(events)
+        self._max = 0.0
-    render_initialize(__debug__)
+        self._total = 0.0
-    terrain_shader = Shader('terrain', 'common')
+        self._name = name
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        if self._count:
+            avg = round(self._total / self._count, 2)
+            print(self._name, "*", self._count,
+                ": min =", round(self._min, 2), ", max =", round(self._max, 2), ", avg =", avg, "(ms)")
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        begin = thread_time()
+        Group.draw(self, time)
+        elapsed = (thread_time() - begin) * 1000.0
+        if self._count is None:
+            self._count = 0
+        else:
+            self._count += 1
+            self._min = min(self._min, elapsed)
+            self._max = max(self._max, elapsed)
+            self._total += elapsed
+
+class TestEntity(Entity):
+    __slots__ = 'translation', 'orientation', 'spawn_translation', 'spawn_orientation'
+
+    def __init__(self, batch, mesh, translation, orientation):
+        Entity.__init__(self, batch, INSTANCE_FLAG_VISIBLE, mesh,
+            translation = translation,
+            orientation = orientation)
+        self.translation = batch.translation[self.index]
+        self.orientation = batch.orientation[self.index]
+        self.spawn_translation = translation
+        self.spawn_orientation = orientation
+
+def update_camera(time, mouse, camera, environment):
+    camera_yaw = mouse.drag[0] * 0.001
+    camera_pitch = mouse.drag[1] * 0.001 + pi * 0.25
+    camera_distance = mouse.wheel * 20.0
+    camera.set_view(camera_yaw % tau, camera_pitch % tau, camera_distance)
+    environment.from_sun(camera.view, sun_direction, sun_power)
+
+def update_tests(time, blob, cube, clouds):
+    rotation = mat3()
+    mat3_rotation(rotation, vec3_up, (time.current * 0.21) % tau)
+    mat3_mul_vec3(blob.translation, rotation, blob.spawn_translation)
+    mat3_mul_vec3(cube.translation, rotation, cube.spawn_translation)
+    mat3_rotation(cube.orientation, vec3_up, (time.current * 0.43) % tau)
+    mat3_rotation(clouds.orientation, vec3_up, (time.current * -0.037) % tau)
+
+def update_sea(time, camera, sea_phase):
+    camera.to_km()
+    sea_phase.update((time.current * 0.023) % 1.0)
+
+def create_scene(keyboard, mouse):
+    tiles_shader = Shader('tiles', 'common')
     tests_shader = Shader('tests', 'common')
-    sky_shader = Shader('sky')
+    sea_shader = Shader('sea')
 
-    heightmap = create_texture(
+    camera = Camera()
+    camera.set_projection(proj_hfov, proj_ratio, proj_near_z, proj_far_z)
+    environment = Environment()
+    sea_phase = InputFloat(sea_shader.u_sea_phase, 0.0)
+
+    print("Generating terrain...")
+    generated = Generator(256)
+
+    heightmap = Texture(
         TEXTURE_FORMAT_FLOAT_32, 256, 256, 0, TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR | TEXTURE_FLAG_MAG_LINEAR,
         generated.packed_heights)
-    normalmap = create_texture(
+    normalmap = Texture(
         TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGB10_A2, 256, 256, 0, TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR | TEXTURE_FLAG_MAG_LINEAR,
         generated.packed_normals)
 
     print("Loading resources...")
-    archive = RuntimeArchive.load('data/rk_island.rkar')
+    archive = Archive.load('data/rk_island.rkar')
 
     print("Building tiles...")
-    tiles_texture = archive.get_texture('tiles')
+    tiles_texture = Texture(*archive.get_texture('tiles'))
     tiles_vertices = archive.get_vertices('tiles')
-    water_model = archive.get_model('water')
+    water_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('water')
-    sand_model = archive.get_model('sand')
+    sand_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('sand')
-    grass_model = archive.get_model('grass')
+    grass_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('grass')
-    forest_model = archive.get_model('forest')
+    forest_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('forest')
-    rock_model = archive.get_model('rock')
+    rock_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('rock')
-    mud_model = archive.get_model('mud')
+    mud_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('mud')
-    lava_model = archive.get_model('lava')
+    lava_mesh = tiles_vertices.get_mesh('lava')
-    terrain_batch = Batch(tiles_vertices, generated.size ** 2, 8, translation = PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT)
+    tiles_batch = Batch(Vertices(*tiles_vertices), generated.size ** 2, translation = VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT)
 
     #TODO: generator & for real
     vc = generated.volcano_c
@@ -89,184 +149,98 @@ def main():
         if h == 0.0:
             continue
         if r > 0.0:
-            model = water_model
+            mesh = water_mesh
         elif h < 2.0:
-            model = sand_model
+            mesh = sand_mesh
         elif h < 180:
             if nz > 0.9:
                 if ny < -0.01 and nz > 0.93:
-                    model = forest_model
+                    mesh = forest_mesh
                 else:
-                    model = grass_model
+                    mesh = grass_mesh
             else:
-                model = rock_model
+                mesh = rock_mesh
         elif vd < vr - 3.0 and nz > 0.999:
-            model = lava_model
+            mesh = lava_mesh
         elif vd < vr + 2.0:
-            model = mud_model
+            mesh = mud_mesh
         elif vd < vr + 6.0 and nz < 0.67:
-            model = mud_model
+            mesh = mud_mesh
         else:
-            model = rock_model
+            mesh = rock_mesh
-        model.spawn(terrain_batch, vec3(float(((mx - 128) * 8) + 4), float(((127 - my) * 8) + 4), 0.0))
+        tiles_batch.spawn(INSTANCE_FLAG_VISIBLE, mesh,
+            translation = vec3(float(((mx - 128) * 8) + 4), float(((127 - my) * 8) + 4), 0.0))
+    tiles_batch.fill()
+    tiles_batch.freeze(flags = True, mesh = True, translation = True)
 
-    tests_texture = archive.get_texture('tests')
+    tests_texture = Texture(*archive.get_texture('tests'))
     tests_vertices = archive.get_vertices('tests')
-    blob_model = archive.get_model('blob')
+    blob_mesh = tests_vertices.get_mesh('blob')
-    cube_model = archive.get_model('cube')
+    cube_mesh = tests_vertices.get_mesh('cube')
-    clouds_model = archive.get_model('clouds')
+    clouds_mesh = tests_vertices.get_mesh('clouds')
-    tests_batch = Batch(tests_vertices, 3, 3,
+    tests_batch = Batch(Vertices(*tests_vertices), 3,
-        translation = PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT,
+        translation = VERTEX_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT,
-        orientation = PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10 | PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE)
+        orientation = VERTEX_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10 | VERTEX_FORMAT_NORMALIZE)
-    blob_spawn_translation = vec3(-100.0, -500.0, 0.0)
-    cube_spawn_translation = vec3(100.0, -500.0, 0.0)
     blob_forward = math.vec3_normalize((sun_direction[0], sun_direction[1], 0.0))
     blob_right = math.vec3_cross(blob_forward, math.vec3_up)
-    blob_id = blob_model.spawn(tests_batch,
+    blob_orientation = mat3(vec3(*blob_right), vec3(*blob_forward), vec3_up)
-        blob_spawn_translation, mat3(vec3(*blob_right), vec3(*blob_forward), vec3_up))
+    blob = TestEntity(tests_batch, blob_mesh, translation = vec3(-100.0, -500.0, 0.0), orientation = blob_orientation)
-    cube_id = cube_model.spawn(tests_batch, cube_spawn_translation, mat3_identity)
+    cube = TestEntity(tests_batch, cube_mesh, translation = vec3(100.0, -500.0, 0.0), orientation = mat3_identity)
-    clouds_id = clouds_model.spawn(tests_batch, vec3(0.0, 0.0, 32.0), mat3_identity)
+    clouds = TestEntity(tests_batch, clouds_mesh, translation = vec3(0.0, 0.0, 32.0), orientation = mat3_identity)
+    tests_batch.fill()
+    tests_batch.freeze(flags = True, mesh = True)
 
-    sea_polar_textures = sea.load_polar_textures(('data/sea_bump1.png', 'data/sea_bump2.png'))
+    sea_polar = sea.load_polar_textures(('data/sea_bump1.png', 'data/sea_bump2.png'))
-    sea_detail_texture = sea.load_detail_texture('data/sea_bump.png')
+    sea_detail = sea.load_detail_texture('data/sea_bump.png')
-    sky_triangles = create_triangles(triangles.sky_triangles(64, proj_far_z - 0.1, proj_ratio))
+    sea_triangles = sea.sea_triangles(64, proj_far_z - 0.1, proj_ratio)
 
-    camera = Camera()
+    assert tiles_shader.u_height_sampler == tests_shader.u_height_sampler
-    camera.set_projection(proj_hfov, proj_ratio, proj_near_z, proj_far_z)
+    assert tiles_shader.u_normal_sampler == tests_shader.u_normal_sampler
-    environment = Environment()
 
-    blob_translation = tests_batch.translation[blob_id]
+    return SceneGroup(
-    cube_translation = tests_batch.translation[cube_id]
+        PerfGroup('frame',
-    cube_orientation = tests_batch.orientation[cube_id]
+            TextureGroup({tiles_shader.u_height_sampler: heightmap, tiles_shader.u_normal_sampler: normalmap},
-    clouds_orientation = tests_batch.orientation[clouds_id]
+                FuncNode(update_camera, (mouse, camera, environment)),
+                TextureGroup({tiles_shader.u_texture_sampler: tiles_texture},
+                    ShaderGroup(tiles_shader,
+                        InputNode(tiles_shader, camera, environment),
+                        PerfGroup('tiles_batch',
+                            DrawNode(tiles_batch)))),
+                FuncNode(update_tests, (blob, cube, clouds)),
+                TextureGroup({tests_shader.u_texture_sampler: tests_texture},
+                    ShaderGroup(tests_shader,
+                        InputNode(tests_shader, camera, environment),
+                        PerfGroup('tests_batch',
+                            DrawNode(tests_batch))))),
+            FuncNode(update_sea, (camera, sea_phase)),
+            TextureGroup({sea_shader.u_polar_sampler: sea_polar, sea_shader.u_detail_sampler: sea_detail},
+                ShaderGroup(sea_shader,
+                    InputNode(sea_shader, camera, environment, sea_phase),
+                    PerfGroup('sea_triangles',
+                        DrawNode(sea_triangles))))))
 
+def loop(display):
+    events = Events(display)
+    keyboard = Keyboard(events)
+    mouse = Mouse(events, wheel = 60, wheel_min = 20)
+    scene = create_scene(keyboard, mouse)
     print("Running... Ctrl+c to quit")
-    start_time = time.monotonic()
-    current_time = 0.0
-    frame = 0
-    frame_min = 10000.0
-    frame_max = 0.0
-    frame_avg = 0.0
-    draw_min = 10000.0
-    draw_max = 0.0
-    draw_avg = 0.0
-    perf_count = 0
     try:
-        while True:
+        time = Time()
-            current_time = time.monotonic() - start_time
+        while not keyboard.quit:
-            frame_begin = time.thread_time()
-
             events.update()
-            if keyboard.quit:
+            clear_buffer(True, True, True)
-                break
+            scene.draw(time)
-
-            begin_frame()
-
-            camera_distance = mouse.wheel * 20.0
-            camera_yaw = mouse.drag[0] * 0.001
-            camera_pitch = mouse.drag[1] * 0.001 + pi * 0.25
-            camera.set_view(camera_yaw, camera_pitch, camera_distance)
-            environment.from_sun(camera.view, sun_direction, sun_power)
-
-            terrain_shader.select()
-            camera.set_inputs(terrain_shader)
-            environment.set_inputs(terrain_shader)
-            select_texture(0, tiles_texture)
-            select_texture(1, heightmap)
-            select_texture(2, normalmap)
-            draw_begin = time.thread_time()
-            terrain_batch.draw()
-            draw_end = time.thread_time()
-            unselect_texture(0, tiles_texture)
-            unselect_texture(1, heightmap)
-            unselect_texture(2, normalmap)
-            terrain_shader.unselect()
-
-            rotation = mat3()
-            mat3_rotation(rotation, vec3_up, (current_time * 0.21) % tau)
-            mat3_mul_vec3(blob_translation, rotation, blob_spawn_translation)
-            mat3_mul_vec3(cube_translation, rotation, cube_spawn_translation)
-            mat3_rotation(cube_orientation, vec3_up, (current_time * 0.43) % tau)
-            mat3_rotation(clouds_orientation, vec3_up, (current_time * -0.037) % tau)
-
-            tests_shader.select()
-            camera.set_inputs(tests_shader)
-            environment.set_inputs(tests_shader)
-            select_texture(0, tests_texture)
-            select_texture(1, heightmap)
-            select_texture(2, normalmap)
-            tests_batch.draw()
-            unselect_texture(0, tests_texture)
-            unselect_texture(1, heightmap)
-            unselect_texture(2, normalmap)
-            tests_shader.unselect()
-
-            camera.to_km()
-
-            sky_shader.select()
-            camera.set_inputs(sky_shader)
-            environment.set_inputs(sky_shader)
-            set_input_float(sky_shader.u_sea_phase, (current_time * 0.023) % 1.0)
-            select_texture(0, sea_polar_textures)
-            select_texture(1, sea_detail_texture)
-            draw_triangles(sky_triangles)
-            unselect_texture(0, sea_polar_textures)
-            unselect_texture(1, sea_detail_texture)
-            sky_shader.unselect()
-
-            frame_end = time.thread_time()
-            end_frame()
             swap_buffers(display)
-
+            time.update()
-            if frame > 0:
-                draw_ms = draw_end - draw_begin
-                draw_min = min(draw_min, draw_ms)
-                draw_max = max(draw_max, draw_ms)
-                draw_avg += draw_ms
-                frame_ms = frame_end - frame_begin
-                frame_min = min(frame_min, frame_ms)
-                frame_max = max(frame_max, frame_ms)
-                frame_avg += frame_ms
-                perf_count += 1
-            frame += 1
-
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         pass
 
-    print("\rDraw  *", perf_count,
+def main():
-        ": min =", round(draw_min * 1000.0, 2),
+    print("Initializing...")
-        ", max =", round(draw_max * 1000.0, 2),
+    display = create_display(b'RK Island - Drag to rotate, wheel to zoom, q to quit', 1600, 900)
-        ", avg =", round((draw_avg / perf_count) * 1000.0, 2), "ms")
+    render_initialize(__debug__)
-
+    loop(display)
-    print("\rFrame *", perf_count,
-        ": min =", round(frame_min * 1000.0, 2),
-        ", max =", round(frame_max * 1000.0, 2),
-        ", avg =", round((frame_avg / perf_count) * 1000.0, 2), "ms")
-
-    # seed 666
-    #    for _ in range(10000):
-    #        current_time = 0 # time.monotonic() - start_time
-
-    # Draw  * 9999 : min = 0.14 , max = 0.43 , avg = 0.19 ms
-    # Draw  * 9999 : min = 0.14 , max = 0.35 , avg = 0.19 ms
-    # Draw  * 9999 : min = 0.13 , max = 0.44 , avg = 0.18 ms
-
-    # Frame * 9999 : min = 0.21 , max = 0.7 , avg = 0.33 ms
-    # Frame * 9999 : min = 0.2 , max = 0.54 , avg = 0.31 ms
-    # Frame * 9999 : min = 0.19 , max = 0.6 , avg = 0.29 ms
-
     print("Quitting...")
-    del tests_batch
-    del terrain_batch
-    destroy_texture(sea_polar_textures)
-    destroy_texture(sea_detail_texture)
-    destroy_texture(heightmap)
-    destroy_texture(normalmap)
-    destroy_triangles(sky_triangles)
-    archive.destroy()
-    del terrain_shader
-    del tests_shader
-    del sky_shader
     render_terminate()
-    del events
     destroy_display(display)

game/inputs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from engine import set_input_float
+
+class InputFloat:
+    __slots__ = '_input', 'value'
+
+    def __init__(self, input, value):
+        self._input = input
+        self.value = value
+
+    def update(self, value):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def set_inputs(self, shader):
+        set_input_float(self._input, self.value)

game/obj2rkar.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from itertools import starmap, chain, repeat
 from engine import *
 
 from game.math import float_s8, vec3_srgb8a8
-from game.resources import load_png, TextureData, VerticesData, ModelData, Archive
+from game.resources import load_png, TextureData, VerticesData, Archive
 
 _texture_flags = TEXTURE_FLAG_MIPMAPS | TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR | TEXTURE_FLAG_MAG_NEAREST
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ class ObjArchive(Archive):
 
         vertices = []
         indices = []
-        models = {}
+        meshes = {}
         for name, mesh in sorted(objects.items()):
             offset = len(indices)
             assert offset < 65536
@@ -213,28 +213,26 @@ class ObjArchive(Archive):
             assert count < 65536
             vertices.extend(mesh_vertices)
             indices.extend(mesh_indices)
-            models[name] = (offset, count)
+            meshes[name] = (offset, count)
 
         name = str(objpath.stem)
         assert name not in self.vertices_db.keys()
         #TODO: move to math
         def pack_10(_x):
-            return round(_x * (512.0 if _x < 0.0 else 511.0)) & 1023
+            assert _x >= -1.0 and _x <= 1.0
+            return round(_x * 511.0) & 1023
+            # return ((round(_x * 1023.0) - 1) // 2) & 1023
         def pack_u10(_x):
-            return round(_x * 1023.0) & 1023
+            assert _x >= 0.0 and _x <= 1.0
+            return round(_x * 1023.0)
         def pack_vertex(_px, _py, _pz, _nx, _ny, _nz, _s, _t, _tl):
             n = (pack_10(_nz) << 20) | (pack_10(_ny) << 10) | pack_10(_nx)
             t = ((_tl & 1023) << 20) | (pack_u10(_t) << 10) | pack_u10(_s)
             return struct.pack('fffII', _px, _py, _pz, n, t)
         self.vertices_db[name] = VerticesData(name,
             array('B', b''.join(starmap(pack_vertex, vertices))),
-            array('H', indices))
+            array('H', indices),
-        for name, (offset, count) in sorted(models.items()):
+            meshes)
-            if name[0] != '_':
-                print("Storing", name)
-                assert name not in self.models_db.keys()
-                self.models_db[name] = ModelData(
-                    name, INSTANCE_FLAG_VISIBLE, offset | count << 16)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     if len(sys.argv) < 3:

game/resources.py

@@ -13,12 +13,11 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
+from itertools import chain
 import struct
 from array import array
 from pathlib import Path
-
 import png
-
 import engine
 
 VERTEX_SIZE = 20
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ def _read_struct(file, format):
     _read_magic(file, b'RK')
     return struct.unpack(format, data)
 
-def _write_struct(file, format, elems):
+def _write_struct(file, format, *elems):
     assert format
     data = struct.pack(format, *elems)
     size = file.write(data)
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ def _write_struct(file, format, elems):
     _write_magic(file, b'RK')
 
 def _read_string(file):
-    length, = _read_struct(file, 'B')
+    length, = _read_struct(file, 'I')
     assert length
     data = file.read(length)
     assert len(data) == length
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ def _read_string(file):
 def _write_string(file, string):
     data = bytes(string, encoding='ascii')
     assert data and len(data) < 256
-    _write_struct(file, 'B', (len(data),))
+    _write_struct(file, 'I', len(data))
     size = file.write(data)
     assert size == len(data)
     _write_magic(file, b'RK')
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ def _read_blob(file):
 
 def _write_blob(file, array):
     assert array
-    _write_struct(file, 'II', (ord(array.typecode), len(array)))
+    _write_struct(file, 'II', ord(array.typecode), len(array))
     array.tofile(file)
     _write_magic(file, b'RK')
 
@@ -116,9 +115,17 @@ class TextureData:
         self.flags = flags
         self.pixels = pixels
 
+    def __iter__(self):
+        yield self.format
+        yield self.width
+        yield self.height
+        yield self.nlevels
+        yield self.flags
+        yield self.pixels
+
     @classmethod
     def from_archive(cls, file):
-        _read_magic(file, b'TX')
+        _read_magic(file, b'TXTR')
         name = _read_string(file)
         format, width, height, nlevels, flags = _read_struct(file, 'IIIII')
         pixels = _read_blob(file)
@@ -127,92 +134,61 @@ class TextureData:
         return cls(name, format, width, height, nlevels, flags, pixels)
 
     def to_archive(self, file):
-        _write_magic(file, b'TX')
+        _write_magic(file, b'TXTR')
         _write_string(file, self.name)
-        _write_struct(file, 'IIIII', (self.format, self.width, self.height, self.nlevels, self.flags))
+        _write_struct(file, 'IIIII', self.format, self.width, self.height, self.nlevels, self.flags)
         _write_blob(file, self.pixels)
 
-def create_texture(data):
-    return engine.create_texture(data.format, data.width, data.height, data.nlevels, data.flags, data.pixels)
-
 class VerticesData:
-    __slots__ = 'name', 'vertices', 'indices'
+    __slots__ = 'name', 'vertices', 'indices', 'meshes', 'meshes_db'
 
-    def __init__(self, name, vertices, indices):
+    def __init__(self, name, vertices, indices, meshes):
         if len(vertices) % VERTEX_SIZE != 0:
             raise RuntimeError("Vertex format mismatch!")
         self.name = name
         self.vertices = vertices
         self.indices = indices
+        self.meshes = meshes.values()
+        self.meshes_db = dict(zip(meshes.keys(), range(len(meshes))))
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        yield VERTEX_FORMAT
+        yield len(self.vertices) // VERTEX_SIZE
+        yield self.vertices
+        yield self.indices
+        yield array('I', chain.from_iterable(self.meshes))
+
+    def get_mesh(self, name):
+        return self.meshes_db[name]
 
     @classmethod
     def from_archive(cls, file):
-        _read_magic(file, b'VT')
+        _read_magic(file, b'VERT')
         name = _read_string(file)
-        nvertices, nindices = _read_struct(file, 'II')
+        nvertices, nindices, nmeshes = _read_struct(file, 'III')
         vertices = _read_array(file, 'B', nvertices * VERTEX_SIZE)
         indices = _read_array(file, 'H', nindices)
-        return cls(name, vertices, indices)
+        names = [_read_string(file) for _ in range(nmeshes)]
+        meshes = [_read_struct(file, 'II') for _ in range(nmeshes)]
+        return cls(name, vertices, indices, dict(zip(names, meshes)))
 
     def to_archive(self, file):
-        _write_magic(file, b'VT')
+        _write_magic(file, b'VERT')
         _write_string(file, self.name)
-        _write_struct(file, 'II', (len(self.vertices) // VERTEX_SIZE, len(self.indices)))
+        _write_struct(file, 'III', len(self.vertices) // VERTEX_SIZE, len(self.indices), len(self.meshes_db))
         _write_array(file, self.vertices)
         _write_array(file, self.indices)
-
+        for name in self.meshes_db.keys():
-def create_vertices(data):
+            _write_string(file, name)
-    return engine.create_vertices(VERTEX_FORMAT, len(data.vertices) // VERTEX_SIZE, data.vertices, data.indices)
+        for mesh in self.meshes:
-
+            _write_struct(file, 'II', *mesh)
-class ModelData:
-    __slots__ = 'name', 'flags', 'mesh'
-
-    def __init__(self, name, flags, mesh):
-        self.name = name
-        self.flags = flags
-        self.mesh = mesh
-
-    @classmethod
-    def from_archive(cls, file):
-        _read_magic(file, b'MD')
-        name = _read_string(file)
-        flags, mesh = _read_struct(file, 'II')
-        return ModelData(name, flags, mesh)
-
-    def to_archive(self, file):
-        _write_magic(file, b'MD')
-        _write_string(file, self.name)
-        _write_struct(file, 'II', (self.flags, self.mesh))
-
-class Model:
-    __slots__ = 'flags', 'mesh'
-
-    def __init__(self, flags, mesh):
-        self.flags = flags
-        self.mesh = mesh
-
-    def spawn(self, batch, *params):
-        return batch.append(self.flags, self.mesh, params)
-
-def create_model(data):
-    return Model(data.flags, data.mesh)
 
 class Archive:
-    __slots__ = 'textures_db', 'vertices_db', 'models_db'
+    __slots__ = 'textures_db', 'vertices_db'
 
-    def __init__(self, textures_db = None, vertices_db = None, models_db = None):
+    def __init__(self, textures_db = None, vertices_db = None):
         self.textures_db = textures_db or {}
         self.vertices_db = vertices_db or {}
-        self.models_db = models_db or {}
-
-    def destroy(self):
-        for vertices in self.vertices_db.values():
-            engine.destroy_vertices(vertices)
-        for texture in self.textures_db.values():
-            engine.destroy_texture(texture)
-        self.textures_db.clear()
-        self.vertices_db.clear()
-        self.models_db.clear()
 
     def get_texture(self, name):
         return self.textures_db[name]
@@ -220,38 +196,27 @@ class Archive:
     def get_vertices(self, name):
         return self.vertices_db[name]
 
-    def get_model(self, name):
-        return self.models_db[name]
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _new_texture(cls, data):
-        return data
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _new_vertices(cls, data):
-        return data
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _new_model(cls, data):
-        return data
-
     @classmethod
     def from_archive(cls, file):
         textures_db = {}
         vertices_db = {}
-        models_db = {}
         _read_magic(file, b'RKAR')
-        ntextures, nvertices, nmodels = _read_struct(file, 'III')
+        ntextures, nvertices = _read_struct(file, 'II')
         for _ in range(ntextures):
             data = TextureData.from_archive(file)
-            textures_db[data.name] = cls._new_texture(data)
+            textures_db[data.name] = data
         for _ in range(nvertices):
             data = VerticesData.from_archive(file)
-            vertices_db[data.name] = cls._new_vertices(data)
+            vertices_db[data.name] = data
-        for _ in range(nmodels):
+        return cls(textures_db, vertices_db)
-            data = ModelData.from_archive(file)
+
-            models_db[data.name] = cls._new_model(data)
+    def to_archive(self, file):
-        return cls(textures_db, vertices_db, models_db)
+        _write_magic(file, b'RKAR')
+        _write_struct(file, 'II', len(self.textures_db), len(self.vertices_db))
+        for _, data in self.textures_db.items():
+            data.to_archive(file)
+        for _, data in self.vertices_db.items():
+            data.to_archive(file)
 
     @classmethod
     def load(cls, filename):
@@ -260,30 +225,7 @@ class Archive:
         file.close()
         return archive
 
-    def to_archive(self, file):
-        _write_magic(file, b'RKAR')
-        _write_struct(file, 'III', (len(self.textures_db), len(self.vertices_db), len(self.models_db)))
-        for _, data in self.textures_db.items():
-            data.to_archive(file)
-        for _, data in self.vertices_db.items():
-            data.to_archive(file)
-        for _, data in self.models_db.items():
-            data.to_archive(file)
-
     def save(self, filename):
         file = open(Path(filename), 'wb')
         self.to_archive(file)
         file.close()
-
-class RuntimeArchive(Archive):
-    @classmethod
-    def _new_texture(cls, data):
-        return create_texture(data)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _new_vertices(cls, data):
-        return create_vertices(data)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _new_model(cls, data):
-        return create_model(data)

game/scene.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+class Group:
+    __slots__ = '_subnodes'
+
+    def __init__(self, *subnodes):
+        self._subnodes = subnodes
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        for subnode in self._subnodes:
+            subnode.draw(time)
+
+class SceneGroup(Group):
+    pass
+
+class TextureGroup(Group):
+    __slots__ = '_textures'
+
+    def __init__(self, textures, *subnodes):
+        Group.__init__(self, *subnodes)
+        self._textures = textures
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        items = self._textures.items()
+        for slot, texture in items:
+            texture.select(slot)
+        Group.draw(self, time)
+        for slot, texture in items:
+            texture.unselect(slot)
+
+class ShaderGroup(Group):
+    __slots__ = '_shader'
+
+    def __init__(self, shader, *subnodes):
+        Group.__init__(self, *subnodes)
+        self._shader = shader
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        self._shader.select()
+        Group.draw(self, time)
+        self._shader.unselect()
+
+class InputNode:
+    __slots__ = '_shader', '_inputs'
+
+    def __init__(self, shader, *inputs):
+        self._shader = shader
+        self._inputs = inputs
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        shader = self._shader
+        for input in self._inputs:
+            input.set_inputs(shader)
+
+class DrawNode:
+    __slots__ = '_drawable'
+
+    def __init__(self, drawable):
+        self._drawable = drawable
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        self._drawable.draw()
+
+class FuncNode:
+    __slots__ = '_func', '_params'
+
+    def __init__(self, func, params):
+        self._func = func
+        self._params = params
+
+    def draw(self, time):
+        self._func(time, *self._params)

game/sea.py

@@ -13,14 +13,15 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-from itertools import product
+from itertools import chain, product
 from math import tau, cos, sin, copysign
 from array import array
 
-from engine import (create_texture,
+from engine import TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGB10_A2, TEXTURE_FORMAT_TYPECODE, TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR, TEXTURE_FLAG_MAG_LINEAR
-    TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGB10_A2, TEXTURE_FORMAT_TYPECODE, TEXTURE_FLAG_MIN_LINEAR, TEXTURE_FLAG_MAG_LINEAR)
 
 from game.math import vec3_scale, vec3_direction, vec3_cross, vec3_normal_rgb10a2
+from game.texture import Texture
+from game.triangles import Triangles
 from game.resources import load_png
 
 _format = TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGB10_A2
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ def load_polar_textures(paths, waves_height = 0.008):
         _width, _height, normals = load_texture(path)
         assert _width == width and _height == height
         data.extend(list(map(_conv, normals)))
-    return create_texture(_format, width, height, len(paths), _flags, data)
+    return Texture(_format, width, height, len(paths), _flags, data)
 
 def load_detail_texture(path, scale = 0.5, waves_height = 0.002):
     width, height, data = load_png(path)
@@ -68,4 +69,36 @@ def load_detail_texture(path, scale = 0.5, waves_height = 0.002):
         return vec3_scale(n, copysign(1.0, n[2]))
     normals = list(map(normal, product(range(height), range(width)), data))
     data = array(_typecode, list(map(_conv, normals)))
-    return create_texture(_format, width, height, 0, _flags, data)
+    return Texture(_format, width, height, 0, _flags, data)
+
+# TODO: with FOV
+def sea_triangles(vsubdivs, distance, projection_ratio):
+    assert vsubdivs > 0
+    vertices = []
+    hsubdivs = round(vsubdivs * projection_ratio)
+    z = -distance
+    width = distance * projection_ratio
+    height = distance
+    startx = width * -0.5
+    starty = height * -0.5
+    stepx = width / hsubdivs
+    stepy = height / vsubdivs
+    y1 = starty
+    y2 = y1 + stepy
+    for sy in range(vsubdivs):
+        x1 = startx
+        x2 = x1 + stepx
+        for sx in range(hsubdivs):
+            a = (x1, y2, z)
+            b = (x2, y1, z)
+            vertices.append((x1, y1, z))
+            vertices.append(b)
+            vertices.append(a)
+            vertices.append((x2, y2, z))
+            vertices.append(a)
+            vertices.append(b)
+            x1 = x2
+            x2 += stepx
+        y1 = y2
+        y2 += stepy
+    return Triangles(array('f', chain.from_iterable(vertices)))

game/shader.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from engine import load_shader, resolve_input, select_shader, unselect_shader, destroy_shader
+from engine import create_shader, resolve_input, select_shader, unselect_shader, destroy_shader
 
 def _cleanup(line):
     return line.partition('//')[0].strip()
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def _filter(line):
     return line
 
 def _subst(line):
-    if line.startswith('#include '):
+    if line.startswith('#include'):
         path = Path('.') / 'game' / 'shaders'
         lines = []
         for name in line.split()[1:]:
@@ -45,16 +45,27 @@ def _convert(line):
 
 def _parse(shader, vert_lines, frag_lines):
     uniforms = []
-    for line in vert_lines:
+    bindings = {}
-        if line.startswith('uniform '):
+    def collect(line):
-            uniforms.append(line.split()[-1].strip(';'))
+        if line.startswith('uniform'):
-    for line in frag_lines:
-        if line.startswith('uniform '):
             name = line.split()[-1].strip(';')
             if name not in uniforms:
                 uniforms.append(name)
+        elif line.startswith('layout(binding='):
+            name = line.split()[-1].strip(';')
+            value = int(line[line.index('=') + 1 : line.index(')')].strip())
+            if name in bindings:
+                assert value == bindings[name]
+            else:
+                bindings[name] = value
+    for line in vert_lines:
+        collect(line)
+    for line in frag_lines:
+        collect(line)
     for name in uniforms:
         setattr(shader, name, resolve_input(shader._shader, bytes(name, 'utf-8')))
+    for name, value in bindings.items():
+        setattr(shader, name, value)
 
 class Shader:
     __slots__ = '_shader', '__dict__'
@@ -70,7 +81,7 @@ class Shader:
         print("Loading fragment shader", frag_name)
         frag_lines = _load_source(path / (frag_name + '_opengles.frag'))
         assert frag_lines
-        self._shader = load_shader(list(map(_convert, vert_lines)), list(map(_convert, frag_lines)))
+        self._shader = create_shader(list(map(_convert, vert_lines)), list(map(_convert, frag_lines)))
         _parse(self, vert_lines, frag_lines)
 
     def __del__(self):

game/shaders/sea_opengles.frag

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ uniform float u_sea_phase;
 #define u_up u_view[2].xyz
 #define u_origin u_view[3].xyz
 
-layout(binding=0) uniform highp sampler2DArray u_sea_polar_sampler;
+layout(binding=0) uniform highp sampler2DArray u_polar_sampler;
-layout(binding=1) uniform highp sampler2D u_sea_detail_sampler;
+layout(binding=1) uniform highp sampler2D u_detail_sampler;
 
 const float c_sea_radius = 637.1;
 const float c_sea_radius_sq = c_sea_radius * c_sea_radius;
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ void main(void) {
         }
         float t = sqrt(length(sea_position)); //TODO: more accurate
         vec3 sea_polar1 = normalize(
-            c_normal_shift + texture(u_sea_polar_sampler, vec3(s, t + u_sea_phase, 0.0)).xyz * c_normal_scale);
+            c_normal_shift + texture(u_polar_sampler, vec3(s, t + u_sea_phase, 0.0)).xyz * c_normal_scale);
         vec3 sea_polar2 = normalize(
-            c_normal_shift + texture(u_sea_polar_sampler, vec3(s, t - u_sea_phase, 1.0)).xyz * c_normal_scale);
+            c_normal_shift + texture(u_polar_sampler, vec3(s, t - u_sea_phase, 1.0)).xyz * c_normal_scale);
         //TODO: vec2
         s = (u_sea_phase + dot(sea_position, u_right)) * c_detail_scale;
         t = (u_sea_phase + dot(sea_position, u_forward)) * c_detail_scale;
-        vec3 sea_detail = normalize(c_normal_shift + texture(u_sea_detail_sampler, vec2(s, t)).xyz * c_normal_scale);
+        vec3 sea_detail = normalize(c_normal_shift + texture(u_detail_sampler, vec2(s, t)).xyz * c_normal_scale);
         //TODO: better blending, with earth normal
         vec4 normal = u_view * vec4(normalize(sea_polar1 + sea_polar2 + sea_detail), 0.0);
         float d = max(0.0, dot(normal.xyz, u_light_direction));

game/texture.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from engine import create_texture, select_texture, unselect_texture, destroy_texture
+
+class Texture:
+    __slots__ = '_texture'
+
+    def __init__(self, format, width, height, nlevels, flags, pixels):
+        self._texture = create_texture(format, width, height, nlevels, flags, pixels)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        destroy_texture(self._texture)
+
+    def select(self, slot):
+        select_texture(slot, self._texture)
+
+    def unselect(self, slot):
+        unselect_texture(slot, self._texture)

game/time.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from time import monotonic
+
+class Time:
+    __slots__ = '_start', 'current', 'delta'
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._start = monotonic()
+        self.current = 0.0
+        self.delta = 0.0
+
+    def update(self):
+        current = monotonic() - self._start
+        self.delta = current - self.current
+        self.current = current

game/triangles.py

@@ -13,38 +13,16 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-from itertools import chain
+from engine import create_triangles, draw_triangles, destroy_triangles
-from array import array
-from math import cos, sin
 
-# TODO: with FOV
+class Triangles:
-def sky_triangles(vsubdivs, distance, projection_ratio):
+    __slots__ = '_triangles'
-    assert vsubdivs > 0
+
-    vertices = []
+    def __init__(self, triangles):
-    hsubdivs = round(vsubdivs * projection_ratio)
+        self._triangles = create_triangles(triangles)
-    z = -distance
+
-    width = distance * projection_ratio
+    def __del__(self):
-    height = distance
+        destroy_triangles(self._triangles)
-    startx = width * -0.5
+
-    starty = height * -0.5
+    def draw(self):
-    stepx = width / hsubdivs
+        draw_triangles(self._triangles)
-    stepy = height / vsubdivs
-    y1 = starty
-    y2 = y1 + stepy
-    for sy in range(vsubdivs):
-        x1 = startx
-        x2 = x1 + stepx
-        for sx in range(hsubdivs):
-            a = (x1, y2, z)
-            b = (x2, y1, z)
-            vertices.append((x1, y1, z))
-            vertices.append(b)
-            vertices.append(a)
-            vertices.append((x2, y2, z))
-            vertices.append(a)
-            vertices.append(b)
-            x1 = x2
-            x2 += stepx
-        y1 = y2
-        y2 += stepy
-    return array('f', chain.from_iterable(vertices))

game/vertices.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2022 RozK
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+from engine import create_vertices, destroy_vertices
+
+class Vertices:
+    __slots__ = '_vertices'
+
+    def __init__(self, format, nvertices, vertices, indices, meshes):
+        self._vertices = create_vertices(format, nvertices, vertices, indices, meshes)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        destroy_vertices(self._vertices)