Switch back to SoA parameters.

__init__.py

@@ -257,6 +257,18 @@ PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10 = 3
 PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_FLOAT = 4
 PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10 = 5
 PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE = _flag(7)
+_PARAM_FORMAT_MASK = PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE - 1
+
+_PARAMS_TYPES = (
+    None,
+    vec3, # PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT
+    vec3, # PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT
+    vec3, # PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10
+    mat3, # PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_FLOAT
+    mat3) # PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10
+
+def param_type(format):
+    return _PARAMS_TYPES[format & _PARAM_FORMAT_MASK]
 
 def params_format(*format):
     return array('B', format).tobytes()
@@ -395,10 +407,10 @@ select_vertices.argtypes = (
 draw_batch = _engine.rk_draw_batch
 draw_batch.argtypes = (
     ctypes.c_void_p, # batch
-    ctypes.c_uint, # size
+    ctypes.c_uint, # count
     ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_ubyte), # flags
     ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_uint), # meshes
-    ctypes.c_void_p) # params
+    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_void_p)) # params
 
 unselect_vertices = _engine.rk_unselect_vertices
 unselect_vertices.argtypes = (

cpp/render.hpp

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ RK_EXPORT void rk_draw_batch(
     rk_uint size,
     rk_instance_flags const * flags,
     rk_mesh const * meshes,
-    rk_ubyte const * params);
+    rk_ubyte const ** params);
 
 RK_EXPORT void rk_unselect_vertices(
     rk_vertices_t vertices);

cpp/render/render_opengles.cpp

@@ -348,220 +348,262 @@ rk_vertices_t rk_create_vertices(
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_vec3_float(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
-    *dst.vec3_float = *src.vec3_float;
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_vec3_float * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float *>(_dst);
+    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
+        *dst = src[*index];
+    }
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_vec3_short(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
-    dst.vec3_short->x = static_cast<rk_short>(src.vec3_float->x);
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
-    dst.vec3_short->y = static_cast<rk_short>(src.vec3_float->y);
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
-    dst.vec3_short->z = static_cast<rk_short>(src.vec3_float->z);
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_vec3_short * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_short *>(_dst);
+    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
+        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
+        dst->x = static_cast<rk_short>(input.x);
+        dst->y = static_cast<rk_short>(input.y);
+        dst->z = static_cast<rk_short>(input.z);
+    }
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_vec3_short_norm(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_vec3_short * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_short *>(_dst);
+    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
     #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_short>((s) * ((s) < 0.f ? 32768.f : 32767.f)))
-    dst.vec3_short->x = _convert(src.vec3_float->x);
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
-    dst.vec3_short->y = _convert(src.vec3_float->y);
+        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
-    dst.vec3_short->z = _convert(src.vec3_float->z);
+        dst->x = _convert(input.x);
+        dst->y = _convert(input.y);
+        dst->z = _convert(input.z);
+    }
     #undef _convert
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_vec3_int10(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_vec3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_int10 *>(_dst);
+    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
     #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s)) & 1023)
-    *dst.vec3_int10 =
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
-        _convert(src.vec3_float->x) | (_convert(src.vec3_float->y) << 10) | (_convert(src.vec3_float->z) << 20);
+        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
+        *dst = _convert(input.x) | (_convert(input.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z) << 20);
+    }
     #undef _convert
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_vec3_int10_norm(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_vec3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_int10 *>(_dst);
+    rk_vec3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_vec3_float const *>(_src);
     #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s) * ((s) < 0.f ? 512.f : 511.f)) & 1023)
-    *dst.vec3_int10 =
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
-        _convert(src.vec3_float->x) | (_convert(src.vec3_float->y) << 10) | (_convert(src.vec3_float->z) << 20);
+        rk_vec3_float const & input = src[*index];
+        *dst = _convert(input.x) | (_convert(input.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z) << 20);
+    }
     #undef _convert
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_mat3_float(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
-    *dst.mat3_float = *src.mat3_float;
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_mat3_float * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float *>(_dst);
+    rk_mat3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float const *>(_src);
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
+        *dst = src[*index];
+    }
+    #undef _convert
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_mat3_int10(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_mat3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_int10 *>(_dst);
+    rk_mat3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float const *>(_src);
     #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s)) & 1023)
-    dst.mat3_int10->x =
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
-        _convert(src.mat3_float->x.x) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->x.y) << 10) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->x.z) << 20);
+        rk_mat3_float const & input = src[*index];
-    dst.mat3_int10->y =
+        dst->x = _convert(input.x.x) | (_convert(input.x.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.x.z) << 20);
-        _convert(src.mat3_float->y.x) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->y.y) << 10) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->y.z) << 20);
+        dst->y = _convert(input.y.x) | (_convert(input.y.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.y.z) << 20);
-    dst.mat3_int10->z =
+        dst->z = _convert(input.z.x) | (_convert(input.z.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z.z) << 20);
-        _convert(src.mat3_float->z.x) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->z.y) << 10) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->z.z) << 20);
+    }
     #undef _convert
 }
 
 static void rk_pack_mat3_int10_norm(
-    rk_pack_dst const dst,
+    unsigned const count,
-    rk_pack_src const src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const __restrict indices,
+    rk_ubyte * __restrict _dst,
+    rk_ubyte const * const __restrict _src) {
+    rk_ushort const * const last_index = indices + count;
+    rk_mat3_int10 * __restrict dst = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_int10 *>(_dst);
+    rk_mat3_float const * const __restrict src = reinterpret_cast<rk_mat3_float const *>(_src);
     #define _convert(s) (static_cast<rk_int>((s) * ((s) < 0.f ? 512.f : 511.f)) & 1023)
-    dst.mat3_int10->x =
+    for (rk_ushort const * __restrict index = indices; index < last_index; ++index, ++dst) {
-        _convert(src.mat3_float->x.x) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->x.y) << 10) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->x.z) << 20);
+        rk_mat3_float const & input = src[*index];
-    dst.mat3_int10->y =
+        dst->x = _convert(input.x.x) | (_convert(input.x.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.x.z) << 20);
-        _convert(src.mat3_float->y.x) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->y.y) << 10) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->y.z) << 20);
+        dst->y = _convert(input.y.x) | (_convert(input.y.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.y.z) << 20);
-    dst.mat3_int10->z =
+        dst->z = _convert(input.z.x) | (_convert(input.z.y) << 10) | (_convert(input.z.z) << 20);
-        _convert(src.mat3_float->z.x) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->z.y) << 10) | (_convert(src.mat3_float->z.z) << 20);
+    }
     #undef _convert
 }
 
-//TODO: multiple batches per vertices
+//TODO: multiple batches per vertices with their own buffers
 rk_batch_t rk_create_batch(
     rk_vertices_t _vertices,
     rk_uint max_size,
     rk_param_format const * params_format) {
     rk_vertices const * const vertices = reinterpret_cast<rk_vertices const *>(_vertices);
-    if (!vertices || !max_size || !params_format || max_size > RK_BATCH_MAX_SIZE) {
+    if (!vertices || !max_size || max_size > RK_BATCH_MAX_SIZE) {
         rk_printf("rk_create_batch(): invalid parameters.");
         return nullptr;
     }
     unsigned nparams = 0;
+    if (params_format) {
+        for ( ; params_format[nparams]; ++nparams);
+    }
+    rk_batch * batch = new rk_batch;
+    batch->max_size = max_size;
+    batch->nparams = nparams;
+    batch->indices = nullptr;
+    batch->commands = nullptr;
+    batch->params = nullptr;
+    batch->packed_params = nullptr;
+    batch->indirect_buffer = 0;
+    batch->params_array = 0;
     unsigned params_size = 0;
-    unsigned packed_size = 0;
+    if (nparams) {
-    unsigned nattribs = 0;
+        batch->params = new rk_parameter[nparams];
-    for (rk_param_format const * f = params_format; *f; ++f, ++nparams) {
+        rk_parameter * param = batch->params;
+        for (rk_param_format const * f = params_format; *f; ++f, ++param) {
+            param->offset = params_size;
+            bool const norm = (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE) != 0;
             switch (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MASK) {
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT:
-                params_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
+                    param->size = sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
-                packed_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
+                    param->packer = rk_pack_vec3_float;
-                nattribs += 1;
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT:
-                params_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
+                    param->size = sizeof(rk_vec3_short);
-                packed_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_short);
+                    param->packer = norm ? rk_pack_vec3_short_norm : rk_pack_vec3_short;
-                nattribs += 1;
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10:
-                params_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
+                    param->size = sizeof(rk_vec3_int10);
-                packed_size += sizeof(rk_vec3_int10);
+                    param->packer = norm ? rk_pack_vec3_int10_norm : rk_pack_vec3_int10;
-                nattribs += 1;
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_FLOAT:
-                params_size += sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
+                    param->size = sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
-                packed_size += sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
+                    param->packer = rk_pack_mat3_float;
-                nattribs += 3;
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10:
-                params_size += sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
+                    param->size = sizeof(rk_mat3_int10);
-                packed_size += sizeof(rk_mat3_int10);
+                    param->packer = norm ? rk_pack_mat3_int10_norm : rk_pack_mat3_int10;
-                nattribs += 3;
                     break;
                 default:
                     rk_printf("rk_create_batch(): invalid param format.");
+                    delete[] batch->params;
+                    delete batch;
                     return nullptr;
                     break;
             }
+            params_size += max_size * param->size;
+        }
     }
-    glBindVertexArray(vertices->array);
-    rk_batch * batch = new rk_batch;
-    batch->size = max_size;
-    batch->nparams = nparams;
-    batch->params_size = params_size;
-    batch->packed_size = packed_size;
     batch->indices = new rk_ushort[max_size];
-    batch->commands = new rk_command[max_size * sizeof(rk_command)];
+    batch->commands = new rk_command[max_size];
     memset(batch->commands, 0, max_size * sizeof(rk_command));
+    batch->indirect_buffer = 0;
     if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
-        glGenBuffers(1, &batch->commands_buffer);
+        glGenBuffers(1, &batch->indirect_buffer);
-        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, batch->commands_buffer);
+        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, batch->indirect_buffer);
-        glBufferData(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, max_size * sizeof(rk_command), batch->commands, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
+        glBufferData(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, max_size * sizeof(rk_command), nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
         glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, 0);
-    } else {
-        batch->commands_buffer = 0;
     }
-    batch->packers = nullptr;
-    batch->params = nullptr;
     if (nparams) {
-        batch->packers = new rk_packer[nparams];
+        batch->packed_params = new rk_ubyte[params_size];
-        batch->params = new rk_ubyte[max_size * packed_size];
+        memset(batch->packed_params, 0, params_size);
-        memset(batch->params, 0, max_size * packed_size);
+        glBindVertexArray(vertices->array);
-        glGenBuffers(1, &batch->params_buffer);
+        glGenBuffers(1, &batch->params_array);
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, batch->params_buffer);
+        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, batch->params_array);
-        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, max_size * batch->packed_size, batch->params, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
+        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, params_size, nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
         glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
-        glBindVertexBuffer(RK_PARAMS_BINDING, batch->params_buffer, 0, batch->packed_size);
+        rk_parameter const * param = batch->params;
-        for (unsigned attrib = vertices->layout; attrib < vertices->layout + nattribs; ++attrib) {
+        unsigned binding = RK_PARAMS_BINDING_BASE;
-            glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
+        unsigned attrib = vertices->layout;
-        }
+        for (rk_param_format const * f = params_format; *f; ++f, ++param, ++binding) {
-        rk_packer * packer = batch->packers;
+            bool const norm = (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE) != 0;
-        unsigned layout = vertices->layout;
+            glBindVertexBuffer(binding, batch->params_array, param->offset, param->size);
-        unsigned offset = 0;
-        for (rk_param_format const * f = params_format; *f; ++f, ++packer) {
-            GLboolean const norm = (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_NORMALIZE) != 0;
             switch (*f & RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MASK) {
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_FLOAT:
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offset);
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    packer->pack = rk_pack_vec3_float;
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0);
-                    packer->src_incr = sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                    packer->dst_incr = sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_SHORT:
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 3, GL_SHORT, norm, offset);
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    if (norm) {
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_SHORT, norm, 0);
-                        packer->pack = rk_pack_vec3_short_norm;
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                    } else {
-                        packer->pack = rk_pack_vec3_short;
-                    }
-                    packer->src_incr = sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
-                    packer->dst_incr = sizeof(rk_vec3_short);
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_VEC3_INT10:
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offset);
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    if (norm) {
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, 0);
-                        packer->pack = rk_pack_vec3_int10_norm;
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                    } else {
-                        packer->pack = rk_pack_vec3_int10;
-                    }
-                    packer->src_incr = sizeof(rk_vec3_float);
-                    packer->dst_incr = sizeof(rk_vec3_int10);
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_FLOAT:
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offset + offsetof(rk_mat3_float, x));
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offset + offsetof(rk_mat3_float, y));
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offsetof(rk_mat3_float, x));
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offset + offsetof(rk_mat3_float, z));
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                    packer->pack = rk_pack_mat3_float;
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    packer->src_incr = sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offsetof(rk_mat3_float, y));
-                    packer->dst_incr = sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, offsetof(rk_mat3_float, z));
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
                     break;
                 case RK_PARAM_FORMAT_MAT3_INT10:
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offset + offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, x));
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offset + offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, y));
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, x));
-                    glVertexAttribFormat(layout++, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offset + offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, z));
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                    if (norm) {
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                        packer->pack = rk_pack_mat3_int10_norm;
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, y));
-                    } else {
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                        packer->pack = rk_pack_mat3_int10;
+                    glEnableVertexAttribArray(attrib);
-                    }
+                    glVertexAttribFormat(attrib, 4, GL_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, norm, offsetof(rk_mat3_int10, z));
-                    packer->src_incr = sizeof(rk_mat3_float);
+                    glVertexAttribBinding(attrib++, binding);
-                    packer->dst_incr = sizeof(rk_mat3_int10);
                     break;
             }
-            offset += packer->dst_incr;
+            glVertexBindingDivisor(binding, 1);
-        }
-        for (unsigned attrib = vertices->layout; attrib < vertices->layout + nattribs; ++attrib) {
-            glVertexAttribBinding(attrib, RK_PARAMS_BINDING);
-        }
-        glVertexBindingDivisor(RK_PARAMS_BINDING, 1);
-    } else {
-        batch->params_buffer = 0;
         }
         glBindVertexArray(0);
+    }
     return batch;
 }
 
@@ -704,7 +746,6 @@ static unsigned rk_batch_build_commands(
         commands->nvertices = static_cast<GLuint>(mesh.ntriangles) * 3;
         commands->ninstances = first - base;
         commands->base_index = mesh.base_index;
-        commands->base_vertex = 0;
         commands->base_instance = base - batch.indices;
     }
     return commands - batch.commands;
@@ -713,47 +754,40 @@ static unsigned rk_batch_build_commands(
 static void rk_batch_pack(
     rk_batch & batch,
     unsigned const ninstances,
-    rk_ubyte const * const params) {
+    rk_ubyte const ** srcs) {
-    rk_pack_dst dst(batch.params);
+    rk_parameter const * const last_param = batch.params + batch.nparams;
-    rk_ushort const * const last_index = batch.indices + ninstances;
+    for (rk_parameter const * param = batch.params; param < last_param; ++param) {
-    rk_packer const * const last_packer = batch.packers + batch.nparams;
+        rk_ubyte const * const src = *srcs++;
-    for (rk_ushort const * index = batch.indices; index < last_index; ++index) {
+        if (src) {
-        rk_pack_src src(&params[batch.params_size * (*index)]);
+            rk_ubyte * const dst = batch.packed_params + param->offset;
-        for (rk_packer const * packer = batch.packers; packer < last_packer; ++packer) {
+            param->packer(ninstances, batch.indices, dst, src);
-            packer->pack(dst, src);
+            glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, param->offset, ninstances * param->size, dst);
-            src.ptr += packer->src_incr;
-            dst.ptr += packer->dst_incr;
         }
     }
 }
 
 void rk_draw_batch(
     rk_batch_t _batch,
-    rk_uint size,
+    rk_uint count,
     rk_instance_flags const * flags,
     rk_mesh const * meshes,
-    rk_ubyte const * params) {
+    rk_ubyte const ** params) {
     rk_batch & batch = *reinterpret_cast<rk_batch *>(_batch);
-    if (!size || size > batch.size || !flags || !meshes || !rk_current_shader || !rk_current_vertices) {
+    if (!count || count > batch.max_size || !flags || !meshes || !rk_current_shader || !rk_current_vertices) {
         return;
     }
-    unsigned const ninstances = rk_batch_filter(batch, size, flags);
+    unsigned const ninstances = rk_batch_filter(batch, count, flags);
     if (!ninstances) {
         return;
     }
-    if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, batch.commands_buffer);
-    }
-    if (batch.nparams) {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, batch.params_buffer);
-    }
     unsigned const ncommands = rk_batch_build_commands(batch, ninstances, meshes);
     if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
+        glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, batch.indirect_buffer);
         glBufferSubData(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, 0, ncommands * sizeof(rk_command), batch.commands);
     }
-    if (batch.nparams) {
+    if (batch.nparams && params) {
+        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, batch.params_array);
         rk_batch_pack(batch, ninstances, params);
-        glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, ninstances * batch.packed_size, batch.params);
     }
     if (rk_DrawElementsInstancedBaseInstance) {
         if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
@@ -768,13 +802,16 @@ void rk_draw_batch(
             }
         }
     } else {
-        unsigned params_offset = 0;
+        unsigned param_index = 0;
         rk_command const * const last_command = batch.commands + ncommands;
+        rk_parameter const * const last_param = batch.params + batch.nparams;
         for (rk_command const * command = batch.commands; command < last_command; ++command) {
-            if (batch.nparams) {
+            unsigned binding = RK_PARAMS_BINDING_BASE;
-                glBindVertexBuffer(RK_PARAMS_BINDING, batch.params_buffer, params_offset, batch.packed_size);
+            for (rk_parameter const * param = batch.params; param < last_param; ++param, ++binding) {
-                params_offset += command->ninstances * batch.packed_size;
+                glBindVertexBuffer(binding, batch.params_array,
+                    param->offset + param_index * param->size, param->size);
             }
+            param_index += command->ninstances;
             glDrawElementsInstanced(
                 GL_TRIANGLES, command->nvertices, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT,
                 reinterpret_cast<void const *>(command->base_index << 1),
@@ -784,7 +821,7 @@ void rk_draw_batch(
     if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
         glBindBuffer(GL_DRAW_INDIRECT_BUFFER, 0);
     }
-    if (batch.nparams) {
+    if (batch.nparams && params) {
         glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
     }
 }
@@ -824,13 +861,13 @@ void rk_destroy_batch(
     if (batch) {
         delete[] batch->indices;
         delete[] batch->commands;
-        if (batch->nparams) {
-            delete[] batch->packers;
-            delete[] batch->params;
-            glDeleteBuffers(1, &batch->params_buffer);
-        }
         if (rk_MultiDrawElementsIndirect) {
-            glDeleteBuffers(1, &batch->commands_buffer);
+            glDeleteBuffers(1, &batch->indirect_buffer);
+        }
+        if (batch->nparams) {
+            delete[] batch->params;
+            delete[] batch->packed_params;
+            glDeleteBuffers(1, &batch->params_array);
         }
         delete batch;
     }

cpp/render/render_opengles.hpp

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 enum : GLuint {
     RK_VERTICES_BINDING = 0,
-    RK_PARAMS_BINDING = 1
+    RK_PARAMS_BINDING_BASE = 1
 };
 
 struct rk_shader {
@@ -51,6 +51,14 @@ struct rk_vertices {
     GLuint indices;
 };
 
+struct rk_command {
+    GLuint nvertices;
+    GLuint ninstances;
+    GLuint base_index;
+    GLint base_vertex;
+    GLuint base_instance;
+};
+
 struct rk_vec3_float {
     float x;
     float y;
@@ -79,54 +87,27 @@ struct rk_mat3_int10 {
     rk_vec3_int10 z;
 };
 
-union rk_pack_src {
+typedef void (*rk_packer)(
-    rk_ubyte const * __restrict ptr;
+    unsigned const, // count
-    rk_vec3_float const * __restrict vec3_float;
+    rk_ushort const * const, // indices
-    rk_mat3_float const * __restrict mat3_float;
+    rk_ubyte *, // dst
+    rk_ubyte const * const); // src
 
-    inline rk_pack_src() {}
+struct rk_parameter {
-    inline rk_pack_src(rk_ubyte const * const __restrict src) : ptr(src) {}
+    unsigned offset;
-};
+    unsigned size;
-
+    rk_packer packer;
-union rk_pack_dst {
-    rk_ubyte * __restrict ptr;
-    rk_vec3_float * __restrict vec3_float;
-    rk_vec3_short * __restrict vec3_short;
-    rk_vec3_int10 * __restrict vec3_int10;
-    rk_mat3_float * __restrict mat3_float;
-    rk_mat3_int10 * __restrict mat3_int10;
-
-    inline rk_pack_dst() {}
-    inline rk_pack_dst(rk_ubyte * const __restrict dst) : ptr(dst) {}
-};
-
-typedef void (*rk_packer_fn)(rk_pack_dst const, rk_pack_src const);
-
-struct rk_packer {
-    rk_packer_fn pack;
-    unsigned src_incr;
-    unsigned dst_incr;
-};
-
-struct rk_command {
-    GLuint nvertices;
-    GLuint ninstances;
-    GLuint base_index;
-    GLint base_vertex;
-    GLuint base_instance;
 };
 
 struct rk_batch {
-    unsigned size;
+    unsigned max_size;
     unsigned nparams;
-    unsigned params_size;
-    unsigned packed_size;
     rk_ushort * indices;
     rk_command * commands;
-    rk_packer * packers;
+    rk_parameter * params;
-    rk_ubyte * params;
+    rk_ubyte * packed_params;
-    GLuint commands_buffer;
+    GLuint indirect_buffer;
-    GLuint params_buffer;
+    GLuint params_array;
 };
 
 #endif // _RK_ENGINE_RENDER_OPENGLES_H